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 Perforation work Perforation is the first working procedure of open pit mining. In the whole process of open pit mining, the cost of perforation accounts for about 10%-15% of the total production cost. 1. Down-the-hole drill The down-the-hole drilling machine has the advantages of large drilling angle change range, high mechanization degree, reduction of auxiliary operation time, improvement of the operation rate of the drilling machine, flexibility of the down-the-hole drilling machine, light equipment weight and low investment cost, and particularly can control the ore grade by drilling various inclined holes, eliminate toes, reduce large blocks and improve the blasting quality. Therefore, the down-the-hole drill is widely used in small and medium-sized mines at home and abroad, which is suitable for medium hard rock drilling. 2. Rotary drill Rotary drilling rig is a new type of drilling equipment developed on the basis of rotary drilling rig, which has the characteristics of high drilling efficiency, low operation cost,dhd drill bit, high degree of mechanization and automation, and is suitable for drilling operations of various hardness of ore and rock. At present, it has become a common drilling equipment used in open-pit mines all over the world. 3. Rock drilling jumbo Drill jumbo is a new type of drilling equipment with the development of mining industry. One or a plurality of rock drills are arranged on a special drill boom or a rack together with an automatic propeller, and a traveling mechanism is arranged, so that the operation of the rock drill is mechanized. II. Blasting work The purpose of blasting work is to break the hard solid ore rock and provide the excavation material with appropriate size for mining and loading work. In the total cost of open-pit mining, blasting cost accounts for about 15% -20%. The quality of blasting not only directly affects the efficiency of mining, transportation, coarse crushing and other equipment, but also affects the total cost of the mine. 1. Shallow hole blasting The diameter of the hole used in shallow hole blasting is small, generally about 30-75 mm,mining dth bit, and the depth of the hole is generally less than 5 meters, sometimes up to about 8 meters. If the drilling jumbo is used for drilling, the depth of the hole can be increased. Shallow-hole blasting is mainly used for the excavation of open-pit mines or quarries, caverns and tunnels with small production scale, secondary blasting, the treatment of new open-pit mine hills, the formation of hillside open-pit single-wall ditch transportation channels and other special blasting. 2. Deep-hole blasting Deep-hole blasting is a blasting method that uses drilling equipment to drill deeper boreholes as the charging space of mining explosives. The deep-hole blasting of open-pit mine is mainly the production blasting of bench. Drilling equipment for deep-hole blasting mainly includes down-the-hole drill and roller drill. It can be used to drill vertical deep holes or inclined blast holes. The charging of inclined blast holes is more uniform, and the blasting quality of ore and rock is better, which creates good conditions for mining and loading work. In order to reduce the seismic effect and improve the blasting quality, such measures as millisecond blasting in large area, interval charging in blastholes or bottom air interval charging can be taken under certain conditions, so as to reduce the blasting cost and obtain better economic benefit. 3. Chamber blasting Chamber blasting is a blasting method in which more or a large amount of explosives are loaded in the tunnel of the blasting chamber. Open-pit mines are used only during the capital construction period and under specific conditions, and quarries are used when conditions permit and when the demand for mining is high. 4. Multi-row hole millisecond blasting method In recent years, with the rapid increase of the excavator bucket capacity and the production capacity of the open-pit mine, the normal excavation blasting of the open-pit mine requires more and more blasting quantity each time. Therefore, large-scale blasting methods such as multi-row-hole millisecond blasting and multi-row-hole millisecond extrusion blasting are widely used in open-pit mining at home and abroad. Advantages of multi-row millisecond blasting: The blasting quantity at one time is large, the blasting times and the blasting avoidance time are reduced, and the utilization rate of the stope equipment is improved The broken quality of ore and rock is improved, Mining Drilling Equipment ,dth rock bit, and the large block rate is reduced by 40% -50% compared with the single-row hole blasting.  According to the stacking sequence, the dump can be divided into single-bench dump, covering multi-bench dump and slope-pressing multi-bench dump. The dump is mainly divided into road transport dump, railway transport dump, belt transport dump and hydraulic transport dump according to the dumping process. Source: Mining Engineering Disclaimer: The content contained in this article is online information, and the copyright owner cannot be contacted. 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